ABSTRACT
Network environments have recently emerged as a considerable research area. In addition to government supervision, platform supervision is also critical to improve network environments. So, we should improve the social network platform's single regulatory model. Against this background, we described public opinion supervision as a game between marketing accounts, netizens, and the platform. Unlike previous studies, we considered the influence of marketing accounts on online public opinion. Because of the players' bounded rationality, we built an evolutionary game model, and by solving it, we obtained the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS). Then, we analyzed the influence of relevant parameters on the evolutionary stable state. Our research results show that if the authenticity of the information is not high, to not publish is the best choice for the marketing account, and to not participate is the best choice for the netizen. The platform penalty for the marketing account is also directly related to the marketing account's decision making. The platform penalty for the government, as well as the increase in the penalty risk coefficient, considerably affected the choice of platform. Finally, we put forward the "pre-event–in-the-event–post-event” three-stage supervision model, which provides countermeasures and suggestions for all parties to jointly maintain the network environment.
ABSTRACT
SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic of COVID-19, posing a huge threat to public health. The SARS-CoV-2 papain-like cysteine protease (PLpro) plays a significant role in virus replication and host immune regulation, which is a promising antiviral drug target. Several potential inhibitors have been identified in vitro. However, the detailed mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship require further studies. Here, we investigated the structure-activity relationships of the series of derivatives of tanshinone IIA sulfonate sodium (TSS) and chloroxine based on biochemical analysis and molecular dynamics simulation. We found that compound 7, a derivative of chloroxine, can disrupt PLpro-ISG15 interaction and exhibits an antiviral effect for SARS-CoV-2 variants (wild type, delta, and omicron) at the low micromolar level. These studies confirmed that inhibiting PLpro-ISG15 interaction and, thus, restoring the host's innate immunity are effective methods for fighting against viral infection.
ABSTRACT
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, it has spread on a large scale around the world, seriously affecting people’s physical and mental health. In China, almost all schools have postponed semesters, suspended offline classes, and implemented closed-off management, which has brought significant challenges to the study and life of college students. The study aimed to explore the relationship between risk perception, perceived stress, perceived control, and mental health among Chinese college students. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,856 college students. The results showed that risk perception was positively correlated with mental health. After adding the mediating variable of perceived stress, risk perception still significantly predicted mental health. In addition, the interaction term of perceived stress and perceived control significantly negatively predicted mental health. Specifically, perceived stress significantly affected mental health in the low-perceived control group. In contrast, in the high-perceived control group, the predictive effect of perceived stress on mental health disappeared. The present study showed that perceived stress partially mediated the relationship between risk perception and mental health;perceived control moderated the relationship between perceived stress and mental health, and high perceived control could buffer the effect of perceived stress on mental health.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has led to more than 4 million deaths worldwide. As a result, there is a worldwide effort to develop specific drugs for targeting COVID-19. Papain-like protease (PLpro) is an attractive drug target because it has multiple essential functions involved in processing viral proteins, including viral genome replication and removal of post-translational ubiquitination modifications. Here, we established two assays for screening PLpro inhibitors according to protease and anti-ISGylation activities, respectively. Application of the two screening techniques to the library of clinically approved drugs led to the discovery of tanshinone IIA sulfonate sodium and chloroxine with their IC50 values of lower than 10 µM. These two compounds were found to directly interact with PLpro and their molecular mechanisms of binding were illustrated by docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The results highlight the usefulness of the two developed screening techniques for locating PLpro inhibitors.